Brunet, Edouard (2004) Studies of microfluidics systems: Particles aggregation, Linear electrokinetics, Proteins analysis. PhD thesis Physique, ESPCI.

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Abstract

This manuscript is divided in two introductory chapters and three main parts :
(I) The aggregation of paramagnetic particles in the presence of an hydrodynamic shear is studied experimentally. Chains formed growth linearly with time following a theoretical model based on Smoluchovsky equation.
(II) Theoretical works extend electrokinetics relations in order to describe various situations proposed by microfluidics devices. Symetries between electroosmosis and streaming current is prooved. Thin Debye Layer approximation is extended to streaming current and applied to describe electrical and velocity field in typical geometries.
(III) A "lab on a chip" is presented allowing identification of protein sample. The first level performs electrophoretic separation. The second digests selected proteins using an enzyme. Peptides obtained are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.

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Table of content

Préambule 9
1 Introduction générale 11
1.1 Aperçu historique - 11
1.2 Quelques rappels sur les systèmes microfluidiques - 13
1.3 Présentation des trois thèmes abordés durant la thèse - 16
2 La microfabrication 19
2.1 Les techniques de microfabrication dures - 19
2.2 Les techniques de microfabrication douces - 24
2.3 Détails des protocoles utilisés - 27
I Agrégation de particules paramagnétiques 33
1 Introduction 35
2 Aggregation of paramagnetic particles in the presence of a hydrodynamic shear 37
3 Conclusion 49
3.1 L'influence du cisaillement sur la dynamique d'agrégation - 49
3.2 Application aux tests d'aglutination - 49
II Electrocinétique linéaire en microfluidique: quelques analyses théoriques
511 Introduction 53
1.1 Electrocinétique: origines historique et physique - 53
1.2 Le renouveau de l'électrocinétique par l'intermédiaire de la microfluidique - 62
2 Généralisations des relations de symétrie 65
2.1 Introduction - 65
2.2 Generalized Onsager relations for electrokinetic effects in anisotropic and heterogeneous geometries - 68
3 L'approximation des couches minces 79
3.1 Approximation de fine couche de Debye - 79
3.2 Relations de réciprocité - 81
3.3 Conclusion - 85
4 Structures des flux électrocinétiques dans des géométries modul´ees 87
4.1 Introduction - 87
4.1.1 Géométrie et approximations - 88
4.2 Présentation qualitative - 89
4.3 Calculs de la structure des flux - 92
4.4 Applications des résultats: trois propositions - 101
4.5 Conclusion - 104
III Laboratoire sur puce pour la protéomique 107
1 Introduction 109
1.1 Analyse de protéines et microfluidique - 109
1.2 Présentation du projet protéomique - 111
2 Le module de séparation 115
2.1 Principe de l'électrophorèse capillaire - 115
2.2 Système expérimental - 118
2.3 Résultats - 123
2.3.1 Caractérisation du module de séparation - 123
2.3.2 Séparation d'un mélange de protéines - 126
2.4 Paramètres influençant la séparation - 126
2.5 Sélection d'un spot de protéine et liaison avec le module de digestion - 127
3 Le module de digestion enzymatique 129
3.1 Principe de fonctionnement: la "dispersion de Taylor" - 129
3.2 Système expérimental - 129
3.3 Résultats - 132
3.4 Conclusion - 135
4 Bilan et perspectives du projet protéomique 137
4.1 Le module de séparation - 137
4.2 Le module de digestion - 137
4.3 Fonctionnement global du système - 138
Bibliographie 139
R´esum´e et abstract 148

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