Angulo Lopez, Jesus (2003) Morphologie mathématique et indexation d'images couleur: application à la microscopie en biomédecine. PhD thesis Morphologie mathématique, ENSMP.

Full text available as: - These_Angulo03.pdf ( 73473 Kb )

Licence: Copyright

Abstract

In the field of image processing and analysis for biomedical microscopy, color represents an important information source, which combined with the geometry and the morphology of structures, allows the development of more robust and more powerful quantitative techniques. This is also the case for multimedia applications, in particular for content-based image retrieval. Nevertheless, the representation and the processing of color image processing remains an open problem.
This thesis intends to explore generic methods for image filtering, segmentation and feature extraction of color images based on mathematical morphology operators. From a more practical point of view, two specific applications are considered the analysis of cells in quantitative hematology and the automatic reading of DNA microarrays.
We initially deal with the problem of color spaces. Mathematical results justify the use of the 3D-polar coordinate color spaces, type hue/luminance/saturation, for image processing. In addition, we show the practical advantages of such representations when one builds two-dimensional histograms hue/saturation and luminance/saturation in order to segment color image and to extract reflections, trends and shadows from color images.
We can therefore approach the extension of certain morphological operators for the filtering and the segmentation of color or multispectral images. The main aim being the development of color operators, extension of the scalar ones, which are adapted to the advantageous characteristics of color spaces hue/luminance/saturation. The fact of having at our disposal chromatic and achromatic information in an independent way, as well as an additional variable as the saturation which plays the role of weight of control between the chromatic/achromatic ones, enables us to propose some different ways for filtering and segmenting jointly the chromatic and achromatic structures of a color image. Many examples show the interest of this approach.
We then describe the results of various concrete studies on the characterisation and the classification of shape, texture and color of the objects of an image by means of operators such as the granulometries and the color histograms.
Finally, we tackle two applications in biomedical quantitative microscopy. The first application concerns an integrated technological platform for segmentation, feature extraction and classification of cells in peripheral blood smears, within the framework of networking applications (telehematology). In the second application, we use the most advanced morphological operators in a very powerful automatic approach for the extraction of the spot data of a DNA microarray image.

Table of content

{1.1}Avant-propos}{1}
{1.3}Cadre du travail}{7}
{1.4}Plan et contenu de la thèse}{7}
{2}La couleur}{9}
{2.1}Introduction}{9}
{2.2}Perception humaine de la couleur}{10}
{2.3}De l'espace RVB à l'espace L*a*b*}{13}
{2.4}Conclusions}{22}
{3}Représentations couleur luminance, saturation et teinte}{23}
{3.1}Introduction}{23}
{3.2}Espaces en coordonnées polaires}{24}
{3.3}Histogrammes bi-variables L/S et H/S}{35}
{3.4}Couleur en microscopie biomédicale}{59}
{3.5}Conclusions du chapitre}{61}
{4}Filtrage morphologique d'images couleur}{63}
{4.1}Introduction}{63}
{4.2}Morphologie sur le cercle unité}{64}
{4.3}Gradients et chapeaux haut de forme couleur}{69}
{4.4}Eléments théoriques pour le filtrage vectoriel}{78}
{4.5}Filtrage morphologique couleur et ordres lexicographiques}{80}
{4.6}Conclusions du chapitre}{102}
{5}Segmentation morphologique d'images couleur}{103}
{5.1}Introduction}{103}
{5.2}Théorie générale de la segmentation}{104}
{5.3}Segmentation hiérarchique à niveaux de gris}{107}
{5.4}Segmentation morphologique d'images couleur}{113}
{5.5}Simplification morphologique d'images couleur}{134}
{5.6}Conclusions du chapitre}{136}
{6}Extraction de caractéristiques}{139}
{6.1}Introduction}{139}
{6.3}Granulométrie et analyse spectrale morphologique}{146}
{6.4}Etude de la forme du cytoplasme}{153}
{6.5}Etude de la texture du noyau}{157}
{6.6}Etude de l'agrégation cellulaire}{163}
{6.7}Granulométries et images des puces à ADN}{167}
{6.8}Histogrammes et description de la couleur}{173}
{6.9}Etude des leucocytes}{174}
{6.10}Front d'onde et description des structures arborescentes}{184}
{6.11}Conclusions du chapitre}{194}
{7}Hématologie cellulaire}{195}
{7.1}Le projet MATCHCELL}{198}
{7.2}Analyse morphologique de frottis sanguins}{199}
{7.3}Acquisition des images microscopiques}{202}
{7.4}Détection de la zone de bonne lecture d'un frottis}{203}
{7.5}Segmentation des images des frottis}{213}
{7.6}Classification des leucocytes}{218}
{7.7}Description, classification et indexation des lymphocytes}{219}
{7.8}Validation par télé-consensus de la méthodologie}{238}
{7.9}Conclusions et perspectives}{243}
{8}Lecture automatique des puces à ADN}{247}
{8.1}Avant-propos}{247}
{8.2}Introduction}{247}
{8.3}Caractéristiques des images des puces \`a ADN}{248}
{8.4}L'algorithme de lecture des biopuces}{250}
{8.5}Résultats d'une étude comparative}{261}
{8.6}Conclusions et perspectives}{266}
{9}Conclusion}{269}
{9.1}Apports de cette thèse}{269}
{9.2}Perspectives}{270}
{A}Introduction à la morphologie mathématique}{273}
{A.1}Introduction}{273}
{A.2}Notions élémentaires}{274}
{A.3}Erosion et dilatation}{278}
{A.4}Ouverture et fermeture}{286}
{A.5}Filtres morphologiques}{290}
{A.6}Notion de connexion}{292}
{A.7}Géodésie et transformations par reconstruction}{295}
{A.8}Nivellements}{299}
{A.9}Autres transformations géodésiques}{303}
{A.10}Maxima et minima régionaux}{304}
{A.11}Dynamique et ouverture de contraste}{306}
{A.12}Surface et ouverture surfacique}{308}
{A.13}Valeurs d'extinction}{309}
{A.14}Ouverture par attributs}{313}
{A.15}Seuillage morphologique}{314}
{A.16}La Ligne de Partage des Eaux}{317}
{A.17}Applications de la fonction distance avec la LPE}{319}
{A.18}Conclusions}{322}
{Bibliographie}{325}

Statistiques de consultation

Repository Staff Only: edit this item