Gressier, Frédéric (2008) Study of the retention of radionuclides by ion-exchange resins contained in the circuits of a Pressurized Water Reactor. PhD thesis Hydrologie et hydrogéologie quantitatives, GEOSC- Centre de Géosciences, ENSMP p.203.

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Abstract

Physico-chemical quality of fluids flowing through the circuits of nuclear power plants must be maintained in order to limit circuits contamination and to diminish the dose rate associated to shutdowns. Nevertheless, an optimum between limiting liquid waste and limiting the production of solid waste has to be achieved, in the same time that limiting the associated costs. This is achieved by ion-exchange resins contained in purification circuits. A literature review has put in light the advantages and the drawbacks of the major models of interest proposed to simulate the operating of resins. Thus, the non-ideality of the resin phase has been modelled by the regular solution model whereas ion-exchange kinetics has been described by mass transfer coefficients. Selectivity variations of two cation-exchange resins for Co2+, Ni2+, Cs+ et Li+ ions has been demonstrated. This variation depends on the global saturation state of the resin. Moreover, the more the flow rate, the more the ionic leakage and the more the spreading of elution fronts. The implementation of these models in the CHESS and HYTEC codes has enabled to simulate the equilibrium and kinetics experiments so as to parametrize these new models. Finally, the predicted impact of selectivity variations and hydrokinetics has been studied on a few test cases so as to demonstrate the importance of taking into account these phenomena when modelling the operation of ion-exchange resins.

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