Charpail, Estelle (2006) Mechanical behavior analysis of human ribs in dynamics. PhD thesis Mécanique, ENSAM 2006ENAM0036 p.300.
Abstract
In automotive crashes, thoracic injuries rank second only to head injuries in: the area most often injured and the overall number of facilities and serious injuries. Rib fractures and flail chests are the most frequent types of thoracic injuries, followed by pulmonary, liver and arterial injuries. To better understand thoracic responses under a crash environment, thorax finite-element models have been developed. At this time, they do not adequately model detailed mechanisms of injuries such as rib fractures. Designing a biofidelic model requires focusing more locally on rib material properties.
The aim of this study is to investigate experimentally and numerically the mechanical behavior of human ribs in dynamics. Compressive loading and mineralization tests
were performed to characterize the rib material. Three point bending tests and a new experiment simulating an anterior-posterior loading were realized to characterize the
rib structure. The results show that the costal level influences the compressive material properties and the mechanical behavior in anterior-posterior loading. Numerical simulations allow highlighting the important function of the spongy bone and of the geometry on the load response. Neither the age donors nor the speed loading influences the results. But, it is important to notice that the number of anatomic pieces tested is too little in regard to the variability between individuals.
| Item Type: | PhD Thesis (PhD) |
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| Thesis Supervisor: | Lavaste, François |
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| Date: | 27 October 2006 |
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| Board of examiners: | Kent, Richard and Laporte, Sébastien and Lavaste, François and Rakotomanana, Lalaonirina and Trosseille, Xavier and Verriest, Jean-Pierre |
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| Ecole Doctorale: | ED 432 ECOLE DOCTORALE SCIENCES DES METIERS DE L'INGENIEUR |
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| Discipline: | Mécanique |
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| Collection (Fonds): | ENSAM |
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| Institution: | ENSAM |
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| Subjects: | 4. Materials Science, Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Côtes, Thorax, Biomécanique des chocs, Crash test, Flexion trois points, Compression axiale, Sollicitation dynamique, Minéralisation, Image scanner, Modélisation par éléments finis, Ribs, Thorax, Impact biomechanics, Crash testing, Three point bending, Compressive loading, Dynamic load, Mineralization, CT scan slice, Finite-element modeling |
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| ID Code: | 2983 |
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| Deposited By: | Ramesh Prisca |
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| Deposited On: | 04 October 2007 |
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