Deloye, Elise (2006) Effet de l'architecture de chaine sur le comportement en injection soufflage de copolyesters PET - Etude expérimentale. PhD thesis Sciences et Génie des Matériaux, ENSMP - CEMEF Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, ENSMP.

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Abstract

Polyethylene terephthalate, or PET, is mainly used to produce bottles, generally by injection blowing. In this study, we point out, for each step of this process, differences of behaviour between several copolyesters having a controlled composition. Our attention focus principally on nature of introduced comonomers, beyond ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, and length of chains. Thus major solicitations suffered by material during the bottle forming are reproduced by laboratory tests. We show that kinetic of static crystallization, measured by DSC, could define cooling conditions to assure the amorphous nature of injected preforms. Moreover, blowing range, i.e. rubberized state, is obtained by DMA. Our results indicate too that it is necessary, to grasp behaviour during blowing, to consider a minimum of six characteristics of polymer which could be temperature, elastic modulus, rate dependence of material response, hardening strain and stress, and finally bi-axiality disequilibrium of hollow body forming. Lastly it appears that material adapts its stress way to the solicitation according its rheology, which determines bottle properties, notably in term of orientation or crystallisation.

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Table of content

Chapitre I. I.1. Introduction. I.2. Synthèse du PETI.3. Procédé d’injection soufflage avec bi-étirage en cycle froid. I.4. Comportement du PET lors de la fabrication d’une bouteille I.5. Démarche suivie. Chapitre II. II.1. Etat de l’art du chimiste. II.2. Les PET de notre étude. II.3. Analyse statistique du choix des copolymères et critiques. Chapitre III. III.1. Une difficulté de l’injection : la cristallisation thermique. III.2. L’étape de pré-soufflage. III.3. Températures de soufflage. Chapitre IV. IV.1. Les formes obtenues en soufflage libre. IV.2. Comportement mécanique. IV.3. Comportement de la matière au cours du soufflage. Chapitre V. V.1. Différences entre le prototype de soufflage libre et la SBO 1. V.2. Impacts de la présence du moule. V.3. Illustration de l'importance de la chimie vis-à-vis de l'installation. Chapitre VI. VI.1. Conclusions. VI.2. Perspectives. Annexes

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