Clabaux, Nicolas (2006) Prevention traffic risks in towns: contribution to the devlopment and assessment of diagnosis assistanve tools using prototypal accident scenarios. PhD thesis, ENPC.
Abstract
This thesis work brings a contribution to research aimed at improving our understanding of the mechanisms behind accidents occurring in towns and the development of methods and tools providing engineers performing local safety studies with a better understanding of the accident processes at work locally and possible measures for preventing them.
Firstly, the in-depth analyses of several hundred accident cases which had occurred in France wcre used to formulate a description of forty prototypical urban accident scenarios not involving pedestrians. A discussion on means ofprevention is proposed for each ofthese with reference to the international road safety literature. These resu along with work on pedestrian accident scenarios recently completed at INRETS, provide an overal understanding of the most commonly occurring accident processes in towns and the means of preventing them. They also make possible, along with a set ofrecognition methods for assigning the accidents from a local sample to preset prototypical scenarios, to plan for their use in the context of safety studies carried out by local engineers on delimited areas.
Secondly, the investigations covered the operationality of the methodological diagnosis tools using these reference prototypical scenarios. The relative usefulness of these tools was first assessed in two study fields by comparison with more conventional diagnostic study methods. Their "usability" was then studied through interviews with engineers who had used such methodological tools and through the examination of the resu of their analyses.
The resu confirm that urban accidents can be modeled in the form of road pathologies. The prototypical accident scenarios thus constitute useful tools for prevention.
| Item Type: | PhD Thesis (PhD) |
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| Thesis Supervisor: | Fleury, Dominique |
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| Date: | June 2006 |
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| Board of examiners: | Orfeuil, Jean-Pierre and Tira, Maurizio and Despres, Sylvie and Saint-gerand, Thierry and Fleury, Dominique and Brenac, Thierry |
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| Collection (Fonds): | ENPC |
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| Institution: | ENPC |
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| Subjects: | 4. Materials Science, Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Road safety, Diagnostic safety studies, Accidentology, Prototypical accident scenario, Prevention, Layout, Assessment, Sécurité routière, études diagnostiques de sécurité, Accidentologie, Scénario type d’accident, Prévention, Aménagement, évaluation |
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