Lertwimolnun, Wiboon (2006) Realisation of polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites using twin screw extrusion. PhD thesis Sciences et Génie des Matériaux, ENSMP - CEMEF Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, ENSMP.

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Abstract

The aim of this work is the study of the formation of polypropylene (PP)/organoclay (org-MMT) nanocomposites via direct melt intercalation process. It has been focused on three main subjects: the effect of PP-g-MAs compatibilizers, the effect of twin screw extrusion processing, as well as the rheological behavior of nanocomposites in transient shear flow. The importance of PP-g-MA compatibilizers, especially the PP-g-MA loading in the system PP/PP-g-MA/org-MMT, has been studied. A Carreau-Yasuda rheological model with a yield stress is proposed to characterize quantitatively the state of dispersion through the value of melt yield stress.
In twin screw extrusion process, the state of dispersion is depending on the operating conditions (screw speed N and feed rate Q). In fact, it depends on the ratio Q/N. Investigation of the morphology changes along the screws reveals that the essential exfoliation has been achieved in the melting zone. It seems to be the step governing the dispersion of organoclays in the twin screw extrusion process. The relationships between processing conditions and the state of dispersion are also investigated, using the software Ludovic©.
Finally, the transient rheological behaviour of nanocomposites has been studied. A stress overshoot in shear flow is observed, followed by a structure reorganization after a rest time. Two models, initially developed for colloidal suspensions and fiber suspensions, have been used to describe the observed phenomena.

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