Paccini, Audrey (2005) Development of a 3D Finite Element Model Applied to Soft Tissues Surgery Simulation. PhD thesis Mécanique Numérique, ENSMP - CEMEF Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, ENSMP.

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Abstract

There is a growing need in surgical simulation, especially with the development of complex surgical methods. Nevertheless, surgical simulators must be accurate in order to be efficient. In this context, we have developed a software code, with the collaboration of the university hospital Archet II, based on a finite element method and using hyperelasticity constitutive equations, which are more suitable for describing large deformation of soft tissues. However, this software has led to numerical instabilities which have been eliminated using a visco-elastic model. The added viscosity component has been defined in order to avoid any modification of the elastic behaviour of the organs. This means that it must be low enough to be negligible comparing to the elastic behaviour but high enough to avoid or postpone instabilities. An inverse analysis procedure, for which mechanical tests have been developed, allowed us to identify the uterus and fallopian tube rheological parameters. The experimental data have been recorded just after hysterectomy has taken place in order to be as close as possible to the in-vivo conditions. Moreover, a numerical cutting method, based on the "kill element" one, allowed us to qualitatively simulate elementary gestures of a fallopian tube section: clamping to avoid any displacement and cutting.

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