Vanhove, Pierre (1998) Superstring theory: Study of the conjecture on dualities in string theory, and the nonpertubative effects using the D-branes technique. PhD thesis CPHT, EP - CPHT Centre de Physique Théorique, EP/X p.0.

Alternative Locations: http://www.imprimerie.polytechnique.fr/Theses/Files/Vanhove.pdf

Abstract

This thesis is devoted to the study of the non perturbative behavior of certain BPS saturated supersymmetrical string theoretical amplitudes. The implications of these results on the structure of the M-theory are discussed.
This PhD dissertation contains an account of my works on the non-perturbative structure of the superstring theory. Firstly, I introduce the solitonic p-brane solutions of the supergravity theories. These solutions represented by extended objects of dimension p are generalization of the 't Hooft-Polyakov instantonic solutions to theories with gravitation. Then, the NS1-brane, the solution charged under the Neveu-Schwarz 2-form, corresponding to the superstring is considered as a fundamental object. The connection between these solutions and the non-perturbatives solutions of Dp-branes is exposed. Static and dynamical configurations of D-branes are analyzed in order to understand the structure of the non-perturbative string theory. These results are then applied to study of the non-perturbative correspond between the type I and SO(32) heterotic string theory, and the self-duality under the Sl(2,Z) group of the type IIb string. Are deduced precise rules for !
the instantonic computations are deduce, and a regularization of the ultraviolet divergences of the four gravitons one-loop amplitude computed in the framework of the eleven dimensional supergravity. Which confirms its rôle in the framework of M-theory. A direct computation space-time instantonic contributions for these superstrings theories is done in the new framework of the matrix string theory.

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